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# dir - Unix, Linux Command

# NAME

dir - list directory contents

# SYNOPSIS

dir [OPTION]... [FILE]...

# DESCRIPTION

List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

Tag | Description
--- | ---
-a, --all | do not ignore entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all
| do not list implied . and ..
--author
| with -l, print the author of each file
-b, --escape
| print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE
| use SIZE-byte blocks
-B, --ignore-backups
| do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c | with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime
-C | list entries by columns
--color[=WHEN]
| control whether color is used to distinguish file types. WHEN may be ‘never’, ‘always’, or ‘auto’
-d, --directory
| list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links
-D, --dired
| generate output designed for Emacs’ dired mode
-f | do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
-F, --classify
| append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
--file-type
| likewise, except do not append ‘*’
--format=WORD
| across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
--full-time
| like -l --time-style=full-iso
-g | like -l, but do not list owner
-G, --no-group
| like -l, but do not list group
-h, --human-readable
| with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si | likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-H, --dereference-command-line
| follow symbolic links listed on the command line
--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
| follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory
--hide=PATTERN
| do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A)
--indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
| none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)
-i, --inode
| with -l, print the index number of each file
-I, --ignore=PATTERN
| do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k | like --block-size=1K
-l | use a long listing format
-L, --dereference
| when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself
-m | fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
| like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
-N, --literal
| print raw entry names (don’t treat e.g. control characters specially)
-o | like -l, but do not list group information
-p, --indicator-style=slash
| append / indicator to directories
-q, --hide-control-chars
| print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars
| show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is ‘ls’ and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name
| enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD
| use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse
| reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive
| list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size | with -l, print size of each file, in blocks
-S | sort by file size
--sort=WORD
| extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u
--time=WORD
| with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time
--time-style=STYLE
| with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like ‘date’; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with ‘posix-’, STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
-t | sort by modification time
-T, --tabsize=COLS
| assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u | with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time
-U | do not sort; list entries in directory order. In combination with one_per_line format ‘-1’, it will show files immediately and it has no memory limitations.
-v | sort by version
-w, --width=COLS
| assume screen width instead of current value
-x | list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X | sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 | list one file per line
SELinux options:
--lcontext
| Display security context. Enable -l. Lines will probably be too wide for most displays.
-Z, --context
| Display security context so it fits on most displays. Displays only mode, user, group, security context and file name.
--scontext
| Display only security context and file name.
--help | display this help and exit
--version
| output version information and exit

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected to a terminal (tty). The environment variable LS_COLORS can influence the colors, and can be set easily by the dircolors command.

Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.

# AUTHOR

Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie.

# REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.

# COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software. You may redistribute copies of it under the terms of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

# SEE ALSO

dir is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and dir programs are properly installed at your site, the command

Tag | Description
--- | ---
| info dir

should give you access to the complete manual.

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