Copyright © tutorialspoint.com

# Ruby on Rails 2.1 - The Finders

Following are the ways to find out records with and without conditions:

Following will find an author with ID 50.

    Author.find(50)

Following will find authors with ID 20, 30 and 40.

    Author.find([20,30, 40])

Following will find all the authors:

    Author.find :all

Following will find all the authors with first name alam.

    Author.find :all
                :condition => ["first_name =?", "alam" ]

Following will find first record of the authors with first name alam.

    Author.find :first
                :condition => ["first_name =?", "alam" ]

### Options for Finders:

You can use following option along with find function.

- :order => 'name DESC' Use this option to sort the result in asecing or descending order.

- :offset => 20 Starts fetching records from offset 20.

- :limit => 20 Returns only 20 records.

- :group => 'name' This is equivalent to sql fragment GROUP BY

- :joins => LEFT JOIN ...' additional LEFT JOIN (rarely used)

- :include => [:account, :friends] This is LEFT OUTER JOIN with these model

- :select => [:name, :address] Use this instead of SELECT * FROM

- :readonly => true Use this to make objects write protected

## Dynamic attribute-based finders:

You can use more dynamic functions to fetch values.

If there is a field user_name then you can use following to find records by user name.

    Person.find_by_user_name(user_name)

If there is a field last_name then you can use following to find records by last name.

    Person.find_all_by_last_name(last_name)

If there are fields user_name and password then you can use following to find a record for a given user name and password.

    Person.find_by_user_name_and_password(user_name, password)

Copyright © tutorialspoint.com