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# JavaScript Built-in Functions

# Number Methods

The Number object contains only the default methods that are part of every object's definition.

Method | Description
--- | ---
constructor() | Returns the function that created this object's instance. By default this is the Number object.
toExponential() | Forces a number to display in exponential notation, even if the number is in the range in which JavaScript normally uses standard notation.
toFixed() | Formats a number with a specific number of digits to the right of the decimal.
toLocaleString() | Returns a string value version of the current number in a format that may vary according to a browser's locale settings.
toPrecision() | Defines how many total digits (including digits to the left and right of the decimal) to display of a number.
toString() | Returns the string representation of the number's value.
valueOf() | Returns the number's value.

# Boolean Methods

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
toSource() | Returns a string containing the source of the Boolean object; you can use this string to create an equivalent object.
toString() | Returns a string of either "true" or "false" depending upon the value of the object.
valueOf() | Returns the primitive value of the Boolean object.

# String Methods

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
charAt() | Returns the character at the specified index.
charCodeAt() | Returns a number indicating the Unicode value of the character at the given index.
concat() | Combines the text of two strings and returns a new string.
indexOf() | Returns the index within the calling String object of the first occurrence of the specified value, or -1 if not found.
lastIndexOf() | Returns the index within the calling String object of the last occurrence of the specified value, or -1 if not found.
localeCompare() | Returns a number indicating whether a reference string comes before or after or is the same as the given string in sort order.
length() | Returns the length of the string.
match() | Used to match a regular expression against a string.
replace() | Used to find a match between a regular expression and a string, and to replace the matched substring with a new substring.
search() | Executes the search for a match between a regular expression and a specified string.
slice() | Extracts a section of a string and returns a new string.
split() | Splits a String object into an array of strings by separating the string into substrings.
substr() | Returns the characters in a string beginning at the specified location through the specified number of characters.
substring() | Returns the characters in a string between two indexes into the string.
toLocaleLowerCase() | The characters within a string are converted to lower case while respecting the current locale.
toLocaleUpperCase() | The characters within a string are converted to upper case while respecting the current locale.
toLowerCase() | Returns the calling string value converted to lower case.
toString() | Returns a string representing the specified object.
toUpperCase() | Returns the calling string value converted to uppercase.
valueOf() | Returns the primitive value of the specified object.

# String HTML wrappers

Here is a list of each method which returns a copy of the string wrapped inside the appropriate HTML tag.

Method | Description
--- | ---
anchor() | Creates an HTML anchor that is used as a hypertext target.
big() | Creates a string to be displayed in a big font as if it were in a <big> tag.
blink() | Creates a string to blink as if it were in a <blink> tag.
bold() | Creates a string to be displayed as bold as if it were in a <b> tag.
fixed() | Causes a string to be displayed in fixed-pitch font as if it were in a <tt> tag
fontcolor() | Causes a string to be displayed in the specified color as if it were in a <font color="color"> tag.
fontsize() | Causes a string to be displayed in the specified font size as if it were in a <font size="size"> tag.
italics() | Causes a string to be italic, as if it were in an <i> tag.
link() | Creates an HTML hypertext link that requests another URL.
small() | Causes a string to be displayed in a small font, as if it were in a <small> tag.
strike() | Causes a string to be displayed as struck-out text, as if it were in a <strike> tag.
sub() | Causes a string to be displayed as a subscript, as if it were in a <sub> tag
sup() | Causes a string to be displayed as a superscript, as if it were in a <sup> tag

# Array Methods

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
concat() | Returns a new array comprised of this array joined with other array(s) and/or value(s).
every() | Returns true if every element in this array satisfies the provided testing function.
filter() | Creates a new array with all of the elements of this array for which the provided filtering function returns true.
forEach() | Calls a function for each element in the array.
indexOf() | Returns the first (least) index of an element within the array equal to the specified value, or -1 if none is found.
join() | Joins all elements of an array into a string.
lastIndexOf() | Returns the last (greatest) index of an element within the array equal to the specified value, or -1 if none is found.
map() | Creates a new array with the results of calling a provided function on every element in this array.
pop() | Removes the last element from an array and returns that element.
push() | Adds one or more elements to the end of an array and returns the new length of the array.
reduce() | Apply a function simultaneously against two values of the array (from left-to-right) as to reduce it to a single value.
reduceRight() | Apply a function simultaneously against two values of the array (from right-to-left) as to reduce it to a single value.
reverse() | Reverses the order of the elements of an array -- the first becomes the last, and the last becomes the first.
shift() | Removes the first element from an array and returns that element.
slice() | Extracts a section of an array and returns a new array.
some() | Returns true if at least one element in this array satisfies the provided testing function.
toSource() | Represents the source code of an object
sort() | Sorts the elements of an array.
splice() | Adds and/or removes elements from an array.
toString() | Returns a string representing the array and its elements.
unshift() | Adds one or more elements to the front of an array and returns the new length of the array.

# Date Methods:

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
Date() | Returns today's date and time
getDate() | Returns the day of the month for the specified date according to local time.
getDay() | Returns the day of the week for the specified date according to local time.
getFullYear() | Returns the year of the specified date according to local time.
getHours() | Returns the hour in the specified date according to local time.
getMilliseconds() | Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to local time.
getMinutes() | Returns the minutes in the specified date according to local time.
getMonth() | Returns the month in the specified date according to local time.
getSeconds() | Returns the seconds in the specified date according to local time.
getTime() | Returns the numeric value of the specified date as the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.
getTimezoneOffset() | Returns the time-zone offset in minutes for the current locale.
getUTCDate() | Returns the day (date) of the month in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCDay() | Returns the day of the week in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCFullYear() | Returns the year in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCHours() | Returns the hours in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCMilliseconds() | Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCMinutes() | Returns the minutes in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCMonth() | Returns the month in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCSeconds() | Returns the seconds in the specified date according to universal time.
getYear() | Deprecated - Returns the year in the specified date according to local time. Use getFullYear instead.
setDate() | Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to local time.
setFullYear() | Sets the full year for a specified date according to local time.
setHours() | Sets the hours for a specified date according to local time.
setMilliseconds() | Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to local time.
setMinutes() | Sets the minutes for a specified date according to local time.
setMonth() | Sets the month for a specified date according to local time.
setSeconds() | Sets the seconds for a specified date according to local time.
setTime() | Sets the Date object to the time represented by a number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.
setUTCDate() | Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCFullYear() | Sets the full year for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCHours() | Sets the hour for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCMilliseconds() | Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCMinutes() | Sets the minutes for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCMonth() | Sets the month for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCSeconds() | Sets the seconds for a specified date according to universal time.
setYear() | Deprecated - Sets the year for a specified date according to local time. Use setFullYear instead.
toDateString() | Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.
toGMTString() | Deprecated - Converts a date to a string, using the Internet GMT conventions. Use toUTCString instead.
toLocaleDateString() | Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a string, using the current locale's conventions.
toLocaleFormat() | Converts a date to a string, using a format string.
toLocaleString() | Converts a date to a string, using the current locale's conventions.
toLocaleTimeString() | Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a string, using the current locale's conventions.
toSource() | Returns a string representing the source for an equivalent Date object; you can use this value to create a new object.
toString() | Returns a string representing the specified Date object.
toTimeString() | Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.
toUTCString() | Converts a date to a string, using the universal time convention.
valueOf() | Returns the primitive value of a Date object.

# Date Static Methods:

In addition to the many instance methods listed previously, the Date object also defines two static methods. These methods are invoked through the Date( ) constructor itself:

Method | Description
--- | ---
Date.parse( ) | Parses a string representation of a date and time and returns the internal millisecond representation of that date.
Date.UTC( ) | Returns the millisecond representation of the specified UTC date and time.

# Math Methods

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
abs() | Returns the absolute value of a number.
acos() | Returns the arccosine (in radians) of a number.
asin() | Returns the arcsine (in radians) of a number.
atan() | Returns the arctangent (in radians) of a number.
atan2() | Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments.
ceil() | Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
cos() | Returns the cosine of a number.
exp() | Returns EN, where N is the argument, and E is Euler's constant, the base of the natural logarithm.
floor() | Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
log() | Returns the natural logarithm (base E) of a number.
max() | Returns the largest of zero or more numbers.
min() | Returns the smallest of zero or more numbers.
pow() | Returns base to the exponent power, that is, base exponent.
random() | Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1.
round() | Returns the value of a number rounded to the nearest integer.
sin() | Returns the sine of a number.
sqrt() | Returns the square root of a number.
tan() | Returns the tangent of a number.
toSource() | Returns the string "Math".

# RegExp Methods:

Here is a list of each method and its description.

Method | Description
--- | ---
exec() | Executes a search for a match in its string parameter.
test() | Tests for a match in its string parameter.
toSource() | Returns an object literal representing the specified object; you can use this value to create a new object.
toString() | Returns a string representing the specified object.

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