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# JSTL SQL <sql:query> Tag

The <sql:query> tag executes an SQL SELECT statement and saves the result in a scoped variable.

## Attribute:

The <sql:query> tag has following attributes:

Attribute | Description | Required | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
sql | SQL command to execute (should return a ResultSet) | No | Body
dataSource | Database connection to use (overrides the default) | No | Default database
maxRows | Maximum number of results to store in the variable | No | Unlimited
startRow | Number of the row in the result at which to start recording | No | 0
var | Name of the variable to represent the database | No | Set default
scope | Scope of variable to expose the result from the database | No | Page

## Example:

To start with basic concept, let us create a simple table Employees table in TEST database and create few records in that table as follows:

## Step 1:

Open a Command Prompt and change to the installation directory as follows:

    C:\>
    C:\>cd Program Files\MySQL\bin
    C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>

## Step 2:

Login to database as follows

    C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: ********
    mysql>

## Step 3:

Create the table Employee in TEST database as follows:

    mysql> use TEST;
    mysql> create table Employees
        (
         id int not null,
         age int not null,
         first varchar (255),
         last varchar (255)
        );
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
    mysql>

## Create Data Records

Finally you create few records in Employee table as follows:

    mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (100, 18, 'Zara', 'Ali');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

    mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (101, 25, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (102, 30, 'Zaid', 'Khan');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (103, 28, 'Sumit', 'Mittal');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql>

Now let us write a JSP which will make use of <sql:query> to execute a SQL SELECT statement as follows:

    <%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
    <%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>

    <html>
    <head>
    <title>JSTL sql:query Tag</title>
    </head>
    <body>

    <sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/TEST"
         user="root"  password="pass123"/>

    <sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result">
    SELECT * from Employees;
    </sql:query>

    <table border="1" width="100%">
    <tr>
    <th>Emp ID</th>
    <th>First Name</th>
    <th>Last Name</th>
    <th>Age</th>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach var="row" items="${result.rows}">
    <tr>
    <td><c:out value="${row.id}"/></td>
    <td><c:out value="${row.first}"/></td>
    <td><c:out value="${row.last}"/></td>
    <td><c:out value="${row.age}"/></td>
    </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    </table>

    </body>
    </html>

Now try to access above JSP, which should display the following result:

Emp ID | First Name | Last Name | Age
--- | --- | --- | ---
100 | Zara | Ali | 18
101 | Mahnaz | Fatma | 25
102 | Zaid | Khan | 30
103 | Sumit | Mittal | 28

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