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Unix - Korn Shell Operators


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This tutorial lists down all the operators available in Korn Shell. Here most of the operators are very similar to what we have in C Programming language.

Operators are listed in order of decreasing precedence:

Arithmatic and Logical Operators:

OperatorDescription
+Unary plus
-Unary minus
!~Logical negation; binary inversion (one's complement)
*Multiply
/Divide
%Modulo
+Add
-Subtract
<<Left shift
>>Right shift
==String comparison for equality
!=String comparison for non equality
=~Pattern matching
&Bitwise "and"
^Bitwise "exclusive or"
|Bitwise "inclusive or"
&&Logical "and"
||Logical "or"
++Increment
--Decrement
=Assignment

File Test Operators:

There are following operators to test various properties associated with a Unix file.

OperatorDescription
-r file Checks if file is readable if yes then condition becomes true.
-w file Check if file is writable if yes then condition becomes true.
-x file Check if file is execute if yes then condition becomes true.
-f file Check if file is an ordinary file as opposed to a directory or special file if yes then condition becomes true.
-s file Check if file has size greater than 0 if yes then condition becomes true.
-d file Check if file is a directory if yes then condition becomes true.
-e file Check if file exists. Is true even if file is a directory but exists.


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